常见的生活污水处理方式主要有下面几种：

Common sewage treatment methods are mainly the following:

1、 无能耗地埋式小型生活污水处理装置即改进型化粪池，生活污水处理工艺流程如下：

1, the inability to waste buried small domestic sewage treatment equipment, that is, improved septic tanks, sewage treatment processes as follows:

生活污水——厌氧水解池 —— 厌氧过滤池—— 氧化沟——出水

Sewage - anaerobic hydrolysis tank - anaerobic filter - oxidation ditch - water

厌氧水解池即为国标化粪池，厌氧过滤池即为厌氧接触氧化池，内置填料，氧化沟即利用排水沟及强制通风，空气中的氧气溶入污水中的过程为自然进行。这一生活污水处理工艺适宜单个住宅楼的生活污水处理，且可与国标化粪池组合使用，其最大的优点是运行费用为零。出水水质可达到国家《污水综合排放标准》中的二级标准。该工艺适宜于污水量小于20m3/d的污水处理工程，可在较为富裕的农村地区使用。

The anaerobic hydrolysis pool is standard septic tank, anaerobic filter contact oxidation tank, namely anaerobic packing, namely the use of oxidation ditch drainage and forced ventilation, oxygen in the air into the sewage in the process of nature. This sewage treatment process is suitable for domestic sewage treatment of a single residential building, and can be used in combination with the national standard septic tank. The greatest advantage is that the operating cost is zero. The effluent water quality can reach the two standard in the national comprehensive wastewater discharge standard. The process is suitable for the sewage treatment project with less than 20m3/d of sewage, and can be used in the more affluent rural areas.

2、 A/O法

2 and A/O method

即厌氧—好氧工艺，流程如下：

Anaerobic aerobic process, the process is as follows:

生活污水——前处理——厌氧水解池——接触氧化池——沉淀池——过滤池——出水——污泥回流

Domestic sewage - Pretreatment - anaerobic hydrolysis tank - contact oxidation tank - sedimentation tank - Filter - effluent - sludge recirculation

设计要点：

Design points:

A：厌氧水解池采用上升流式厌氧污泥床反应器的形式，设计水力停留时间为2~4小时。厌氧池下部为污泥床区，污泥床厚度通常控制在1~1.2M之间，进水系统可采用脉冲进水中阻力布水系统，底部设布水沟，保留污泥不沉积底部，呈悬浮状态。污泥床平均浓度为30~35g/l,则污泥负荷为0.35~0.30kgCODcr/kg(ss).d。

A: anaerobic hydrolysis tank adopts upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor. The hydraulic retention time is designed to be 2~4 hours. For the lower part of the sludge bed anaerobic sludge bed zone thickness is controlled at 1~1.2M, the water system can be used in pulse water resistance water distribution system, bottom cloth ditch, keep the sludge deposited at the bottom of a suspended state. The average concentration of sludge bed is 30~35g/l, and the sludge load is 0.35~0.30kgCODcr/kg (SS).D.

B：生物接触氧化工艺是介于活性污泥法与生物膜法之间的一种生活污水处理工艺。池内设有填料，微生物一部分以生物膜的形式固着于填料表面，一部分则以絮状悬浮生长于水中，因此它兼有活性污泥法与生物滤池的特点。曝气系统可采用鼓风或射流曝氧增氧系统（设计时必须考虑投资及运行成本）。为培养微生物的不同的优势菌种，将接触氧化池分为两格是行之有效的。第一格有效水力停留时间为2.5小时，有机负荷为1.15kgBOD5/m3.d。第二格有效水力停留时间为1.5小时，有机负荷0.768kgBOD5/m3.d。A/O法的主要特点是：适应能力强；耐冲击负荷；高容积负荷；不存在污泥膨胀；排泥量非常少；具有较好的脱氮效果。由A/O法衍生的A2/O、A3/O生活污水处理工艺，原理上是相似的。

B: biological contact oxidation process is a living sewage treatment process between activated sludge process and biological membrane process. The tank is provided with filling material, and a part of the microorganism is fixed on the packing surface in the form of biomembrane, and part of the microorganism is suspended in water by flocculent suspension, so it has the characteristics of activated sludge process and biological filter. Aeration system can adopt air blast or jet aeration system (the investment and running cost must be considered in design). In order to cultivate different dominant strains of microorganisms, it is effective to divide the contact oxidation pond into two compartment. The effective hydraulic retention time was 2.5 hours and the organic load was 1.15kgBOD5/m3.d. The effective hydraulic retention time was 1.5 hours and the organic load was second 0.768kgBOD5/m3.d. The main characteristics of A/O method are: strong adaptability, shock resistance load; high volume load; no sludge bulking; very little sludge discharge; good nitrogen removal effect. The A2/O and A3/O sewage treatment processes derived from the A/O method are similar in principle.

3、SBR法

3 and SBR method

即间歇式活性污泥法，由于它具有一系列优于普通活性污泥法的特征，目前已普遍应用于污水处理工程中。SBR法中曝气池兼具沉淀的作用，厌氧、好氧也在同一池进行。其运行操作由流入、反应、沉淀、排放、待机五个工序组成。通过调节每个工序的时间，可达到除磷脱氮的效果。

Batch activated sludge process has been widely used in wastewater treatment engineering because it has a series of characteristics better than ordinary activated sludge process. In SBR process, the aeration tank has the function of sedimentation, and anaerobic and aerobic are carried out in the same pool. Its operation is composed of five processes: inflow, reaction, sedimentation, emission and standby. By adjusting the time of each process, the effect of phosphorus removal and nitrogen removal can be achieved.

前处理——SBR反应器 ——过滤——出水——污泥处置

Pretreatment -- SBR reactor -- filtration -- effluent -- sludge disposal

设计要点：理论上SBR反应器的容积负荷有一个较在的范围，为0.1~1.3 kgBOD5/m3.d，但为安全计，一般取低值，如0.1 kgBOD5/m3.d左右。最高水位和最低水位，最高水位即反应时的水位，最低水位是指排放工序结束时的水位，最低水位必须保证在排水在此水位时，沉淀污泥不随上清液而流失。SBR工艺的主要特点有：出水水质较好；占地少；不产生污泥膨胀；除磷脱氮效果好。

Design point: theoretically, the volume load of the SBR reactor has a range of 0.1~1.3 kgBOD5/m3.d, but it is generally used as a safety indicator, such as 0.1 kgBOD5/m3.d or so. The highest and lowest water level, the highest level is level response time, the minimum water level refers to water discharge at the end of the process, must ensure that the minimum water level in the water level drainage, with the loss of sludge supernatant. The main characteristics of SBR process are: better effluent quality, less land occupation, no sludge bulking, good phosphorus and nitrogen removal effects.