催化铁内电解法
Catalyzed iron internal electrolysis
预处理工艺的选择首先应针对进水中对生物处理有抑制作用和难生物降解的物质，其中主要包括偶氮结构的物质和硝基苯类物质，色度也是预处理中重点考虑的对象。
The selection of pretreatment process should first aim at the substances which inhibit the biological treatment and are difficult to be biodegraded, including azo structure substances and nitrobenzene substances, and the chroma is also a key consideration in pretreatment.
某些生物难降解物质的化学氧化是比较困难的，但通过还原反应可以把该类物质还原成较易生物降解的化合物。处理有毒、难降解的有机污染物，现有技术中较为有效的是铁碳还原法工艺，但铁碳还原法存在着：铁的消耗量大，产生大量的污泥，反应一段时间后铁易于板结，从而降低了处理效果;只适用于pH 低的废水，中和废水需要大量的酸、碱等缺点。
Chemical oxidation of some biodegradable substances is difficult, but they can be reduced to more biodegradable compounds by reduction reactions. The iron-carbon reduction process is more effective in the treatment of toxic and refractory organic pollutants, but iron-carbon reduction process exists: iron consumption is large, a large amount of sludge is produced, iron is easy to agglomerate after a period of reaction, thus reducing the treatment effect; it is only suitable for wastewater with low pH value, and neutralizing wastewater requires a large number of wastewater. The disadvantages of acid and alkali.
为了克服铁碳法缺点，在铁内电解反应器中加入一定量的催化剂铜，扩大了两极之间的电位差，使电化学反应的效率进一步提高，这样就有更多种类的重金属及有机污染物能在电极上得到还原。在反应中生成的Fe2 + 有较强的还原能力，也能帮助还原污染物，使部分难降解的环状有机物环裂解，生成相对易降解的开环有机物，从而改善废水的可生化性。在pH 为8. 0 ～8. 5 时产生具有较强絮凝作用的Fe(OH)3沉淀，将污水中的悬浮固体和胶体等凝聚沉淀，同时吸附大量可溶性有机污染物一起沉淀，使污水得到净化。电极反应如下：
In order to overcome the shortcomings of the iron-carbon method, a certain amount of catalyst copper was added to the iron internal electrolysis reactor, which enlarged the potential difference between the two electrodes and further improved the efficiency of the electrochemical reaction. Thus more kinds of heavy metals and organic pollutants could be reduced on the electrode. Fe2+ produced in the reaction has a strong reduction capacity, can also help to reduce pollutants, so that some refractory cyclic organic compounds ring cracking, resulting in relatively easy degradation of open-loop organic compounds, thereby improving the biodegradability of wastewater. When the pH is 8.0-8.5, Fe (OH) 3 precipitation with strong flocculation is produced. The suspended solids and colloids in the sewage are coagulated and precipitated, and a large number of soluble organic pollutants are adsorbed to precipitate together to purify the sewage. The electrode response is as follows:
阳极(铁)：Fe -2e→Fe2 +
Anode (FE):Fe -2e to Fe2 +
阴极(铜)：难降解有机物+ ne→易降解有机物
Cathode (copper): refractory organic matter + ne > easily degradable organic matter