河北环保技术厂-生活污水处理设备,工业废水处理设备

厌氧处理

anaerobic treatment

石油化工废水COD高、可生化性较差,为提高后续处理的可生化性,一般先进行厌氧预处理。厌氧处理的优点是污泥产量小、运行费用低、产能效率高和操作简单,缺点是启动时间长、操作不稳定。

The petrochemical wastewater has high COD and poor biodegradability. In order to improve the biodegradability of the follow-up treatment, the anaerobic pretreatment is usually carried out first. The advantages of anaerobic treatment are low sludge production, low operation cost, high productivity and simple operation. The disadvantages of the anaerobic treatment are long starting time and unstable operation.

1.1升流式厌氧污泥床

1.1 upflow anaerobic sludge bed

升流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)反应器内污泥浓度高、有机负荷高、水力停留时间短、运行费用低和操作简便,但反应器启动过程耗时长,对颗粒污泥的培养条件要求严格,常用于高浓度有机废水处理。凌文华等将其用于己内酰胺生产废水的预处理,COD去除效果好,但出水可生化性并不理想。且在处理过程中,要严格控制反应条件,进水负荷波动控制在15%以内,进水SO42-应低于1000mg/L,进水pH在5.5～6.5,反应温度在30～38℃。为消除S2-对厌氧污泥产生不利影响,可在进水中加入适量的FeCl3。

The up flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor has high sludge concentration, high organic loading, short hydraulic residence time, low operation cost and simple operation. However, the start-up process of the reactor takes a long time, which is very strict for the culture condition of granular sludge, and is often used for high concentration organic wastewater treatment. Ling Wenhua was used in the pretreatment of caprolactam production wastewater, and the removal efficiency of COD was good, but the biodegradability of the effluent was not ideal. During the treatment, the reaction conditions must be strictly controlled, and the load fluctuation of the influent should be controlled within 15%. The influent SO42- should be lower than 1000mg/L, and the influent pH is between 5.5 and 6.5, and the reaction temperature is 30~38 C. In order to eliminate the adverse effects of S2- on anaerobic sludge, a proper amount of FeCl3 can be added to the water.

1.2厌氧附着膜膨胀床

1.2 anaerobically attached membrane expansion bed

厌氧附着膜膨胀床(AAFEB)反应器是种新型高效的厌氧消化工艺,其床层在一定的膨胀率(10%～20%)下运行,使反应器内的传质条件得到改善;且载体粒径小,能为微生物的附着生长提供巨大的表面积,使反应器内保持较高的微生物浓度。庄黎宁等考察了不同温度和水力停留时间(HRT)下的运行特性,结果表明,处理石化废水的效果好,在一定的温度范围内,升高温度能提高反应器的有机负荷和去除效果。

Anaerobic attached film expanded bed (AAFEB) reactor is a new high efficient anaerobic digestion process, the bed expansion rate in certain (10% ~ 20%) run, the mass transfer conditions in the reactor is improved; and the carrier particle size for microbial attachment and growth provides an enormous surface area. Maintain higher microbial concentrations in the reactor. Zhuang Lining and others investigated the operation characteristics under different temperature and hydraulic retention time (HRT). The results showed that the effect of petrochemical wastewater treatment was good. In a certain temperature range, raising the temperature could improve the organic loading and removal effect of the reactor.

1.3厌氧固定膜反应器

1.3 anaerobic fixed membrane reactor

厌氧固定膜反应器中装有固定填料,能截留和附着大量的厌氧微生物,在其作用下,进水中的有机物转化为甲烷和二氧化碳等得以去除,具有微生物停留时间长、抗冲击负荷能力强和运行管理方便等优点。Patel等用单室和多室厌氧固定膜反应器处理未中和的酸性石油化工废水,在有机负荷为20.4kg/(m3·d)时,多室反应器COD去除率达95%,产甲烷量为0.38m3/(m3·d)。在pH为2.5、有机负荷为21.7kg/(m3·d),HRT2.5d时,单室反应器COD去除率达95%,产甲烷量为0.45m3/(m3·d)。另外,他们还用上升流厌氧固定膜反应器进行类似研究,分析了有机负荷和温度对反应的影响。

A fixed filler anaerobic fixed film reactor, and attachment to retain large number of anaerobic microorganisms, the effect of organic matter, the water is converted into methane and carbon dioxide removal, microbial has long retention time and strong anti shock loading capability and convenient operation and management. Patel and other single room and multi chamber anaerobic fixed membrane reactor treat non neutralized acidic petrochemical wastewater. When organic loading is 20.4kg/ (M3. D), the COD removal rate of multi chamber reactor is 95%, and the methane production is 0.38m3/ (M3. D). When pH is 2.5, organic load is 21.7kg/ (M3. D), and HRT2.5d, the removal rate of COD in single chamber reactor is 95%, and methane production is 0.45m3/ (M3. D). In addition, a similar study was carried out with an upflow anaerobic fixed membrane reactor, and the effects of organic load and temperature on the reaction were analyzed.